Saturday, August 3, 2013
The risk of developing pneumonia is 100 times higher in people who were infected with influenza
The link between influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia is clearly shown in our study. In short, our analysis revealed a transient but significant - about 100 times - increase the risk of pneumococcal pneumonia following influenza infection, "- said the study's lead author Pezhman Rohani of the University of Michigan.
High-calorie diet can contribute to the development of cancer
Scientists in Japan have found that high-calorie diet alters the intestinal microflora, which may cause cancer of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.
Naoko
Ohtani of the Cancer Institute in Tokyo (Japan) and her colleagues
found that microorganisms can indirectly contribute to the development
of cancer, watching her work in the intestine of mice during the
transition to high-calorie diet. In
these experiments, doctors noticed that rodents, overweight, suffer
more from cancer than their cousins in the control group.
Scientists intrigued by this fact, and they decided to find the cause of this by analyzing the differences in the microflora and the genomes of mice from these groups. For example, some bacteria in the intestines of rodents with overweight behaved extremely unusual - they synthesized molecules of deoxycholic acid. It belongs to bile acids required for some absorption of nutrients, including vitamins A, D and E. Typically, they are not destroyed in the gut together with the blood and the liver.
Deoxycholic acid is a carcinogen that can cause damage and mutations in the DNA. This happened with the mice - when scientists destroyed the "bad" bacteria, the incidence of tumors in the liver and intestine decreased significantly, almost reaching the values characteristic of the control group. This fact shows that the high-calorie diet can actually contribute to the development of cancer, doctors conclude.
Scientists intrigued by this fact, and they decided to find the cause of this by analyzing the differences in the microflora and the genomes of mice from these groups. For example, some bacteria in the intestines of rodents with overweight behaved extremely unusual - they synthesized molecules of deoxycholic acid. It belongs to bile acids required for some absorption of nutrients, including vitamins A, D and E. Typically, they are not destroyed in the gut together with the blood and the liver.
Deoxycholic acid is a carcinogen that can cause damage and mutations in the DNA. This happened with the mice - when scientists destroyed the "bad" bacteria, the incidence of tumors in the liver and intestine decreased significantly, almost reaching the values characteristic of the control group. This fact shows that the high-calorie diet can actually contribute to the development of cancer, doctors conclude.
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Thursday, June 20, 2013
The Russian company will hold a U.S. trial of the drug for cancer
Russian
biopharmaceutical company "Inkuron" developing innovative anti-cancer
drugs, has received approval from the U.S. Administration of Quality
Supervision Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical trials of
the drug CBL0137 for the treatment of patients with advanced malignant
tumors, reports of "RVC".
"Receiving FDA approval for the study of innovative molecules in the USA Russian startup is a precedent in the case of the Russian practice," - said General Director of Management Company "Bioprocess Capital Partners" Vladimir prostheses, which is cited in the report.
"Inkuron" - a Russian company, founded in 2010 by the "Bioprocess Capital Ventures", created with the participation of RVC capital and Vnesheconombank, and private investor Cleveland BioLabs. The company is a member of the project "Skolkovo". "Inkuron" is developing a fundamentally new anti-cancer drugs based on Kuraksin - small molecules with potentially wide range of therapeutic applications. Kuraksin may also be used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and inflammatory conditions.
Management Company "Bioprocess Capital Partners" is the trustee of the fund, "Bioprocess Capital Ventures." The Fund invests in innovative projects in the field of biotechnology and fine chemistry, the size of the fund - three billion rubles.
"Receiving FDA approval for the study of innovative molecules in the USA Russian startup is a precedent in the case of the Russian practice," - said General Director of Management Company "Bioprocess Capital Partners" Vladimir prostheses, which is cited in the report.
"Inkuron" - a Russian company, founded in 2010 by the "Bioprocess Capital Ventures", created with the participation of RVC capital and Vnesheconombank, and private investor Cleveland BioLabs. The company is a member of the project "Skolkovo". "Inkuron" is developing a fundamentally new anti-cancer drugs based on Kuraksin - small molecules with potentially wide range of therapeutic applications. Kuraksin may also be used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and inflammatory conditions.
Management Company "Bioprocess Capital Partners" is the trustee of the fund, "Bioprocess Capital Ventures." The Fund invests in innovative projects in the field of biotechnology and fine chemistry, the size of the fund - three billion rubles.
People may grow back severed fingertips thanks to stem cells
U.S.
scientists have found that the tips of his fingers cut off in mammals,
including humans, can grow again thanks to the stem cells that are found
in the nail bed, reports RIA "Novosti" with reference to an article in
the journal Nature.
Mayumi Ito and his colleagues conducted a series of experiments on mice on the regeneration of the fingertips. They found that at the base of the nail is a small group of stem cells, through which the nail is growing. Its growth is controlled by a family of proteins Wnt, and if this control mechanism is broken - the nail will not grow.
As shown by the scientists, the same mechanism is responsible for the restoration and the fingertips. After the amputation, Wnt proteins are activated in the epithelium, which lies beneath preserved piece of the nail, and are attracted to the damaged area of the nerve cells. They start the growth of germ cells of connective tissue, which then turn into bones, tendons and muscles. Through this mechanism, the tips of the fingers in mice fully recovered within 5 weeks. If the mice were amputated too much of a finger nail from where almost nothing to do but did not start the regeneration process. In this case, the scientists managed to run it by stabilizing the base of the nail protein beta-catenin, which acts as a transmitter of signals between proteins Wnt.
Scientists believe that maybe this mechanism is also in humans, and the results will help in the development of ways to restore amputated limbs.
Mayumi Ito and his colleagues conducted a series of experiments on mice on the regeneration of the fingertips. They found that at the base of the nail is a small group of stem cells, through which the nail is growing. Its growth is controlled by a family of proteins Wnt, and if this control mechanism is broken - the nail will not grow.
As shown by the scientists, the same mechanism is responsible for the restoration and the fingertips. After the amputation, Wnt proteins are activated in the epithelium, which lies beneath preserved piece of the nail, and are attracted to the damaged area of the nerve cells. They start the growth of germ cells of connective tissue, which then turn into bones, tendons and muscles. Through this mechanism, the tips of the fingers in mice fully recovered within 5 weeks. If the mice were amputated too much of a finger nail from where almost nothing to do but did not start the regeneration process. In this case, the scientists managed to run it by stabilizing the base of the nail protein beta-catenin, which acts as a transmitter of signals between proteins Wnt.
Scientists believe that maybe this mechanism is also in humans, and the results will help in the development of ways to restore amputated limbs.
Geneticists have deciphered the genome of the pathogen medieval leprosy
Johannes
Krause of the University of Tübingen (Germany) deciphered the genome
sticks Hansen (Mycobacterium leprae), the causative agent of medieval
leprosy.
Chronicles indicate that leprosy was widespread in Europe in the first half of the Middle Ages. By the late 16th century, it came to an epidemic, and the reasons for this remain unknown.
Krause and his colleagues studied the remains of the inhabitants of Sweden, Denmark and England, who died of leprosy in the 11-14 centuries AD. Scientists separated the small pieces from the teeth, and tried to remove the fragments of bacterial DNA. To their surprise, the Europeans enamel contained a surprising amount of genomic fragments bacilli, ten times more than expected.
This allowed them to recover the complete genome of a microbe with an accuracy higher than the standard for live bacteria to 5 times. The scientists compared the structure of its DNA with the genomes of 11 modern species of Mycobacterium leprae. It was found that the genomes of microbes were virtually identical. This suggests that this microbe was originally highly contagious to humans, but over time it has lost force as human immune system has adapted to it faster than a bacterium
med-news-pro.blogspot.ru/
med-news-pro
med-news
Chronicles indicate that leprosy was widespread in Europe in the first half of the Middle Ages. By the late 16th century, it came to an epidemic, and the reasons for this remain unknown.
Krause and his colleagues studied the remains of the inhabitants of Sweden, Denmark and England, who died of leprosy in the 11-14 centuries AD. Scientists separated the small pieces from the teeth, and tried to remove the fragments of bacterial DNA. To their surprise, the Europeans enamel contained a surprising amount of genomic fragments bacilli, ten times more than expected.
This allowed them to recover the complete genome of a microbe with an accuracy higher than the standard for live bacteria to 5 times. The scientists compared the structure of its DNA with the genomes of 11 modern species of Mycobacterium leprae. It was found that the genomes of microbes were virtually identical. This suggests that this microbe was originally highly contagious to humans, but over time it has lost force as human immune system has adapted to it faster than a bacterium
med-news-pro.blogspot.ru/
med-news-pro
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Doctors have created viruses to fight cancer, using a mathematical model
"So-called oncolytic viruses attack only certain types of cancer cells. Unfortunately, the cells of the same tumors may differ from each other, and this reduces the effectiveness of the virus. We
have accelerated their development by means of a mathematical model, "-
said lead author John Bell and Mads Cairn from the University of Ottawa
(Canada).
Bell, Karen, and their colleagues were trying to create a virus that can destroy the cell adenocarcinoma of the kidney. According to them, the main problem of such viruses is the variability of cancer cells - they are frequently mutated gene, resulting in a change in the structure of the shell, in which the virus outgrowths distinguishes its goal of healthy tissue.
The authors have solved this problem by developing a special mathematical model. To do this, scientists have compiled a list of genetic differences between healthy and cancerous cells of the kidneys, and identified the most "noticeable" for signs of viruses. Combining these data received biological model that can predict how mutations in the viral genome will influence cells which they infect.
As the researchers note, it has allowed them to identify the most promising "versions" of the virus and test them in mice, instead of looking for them through trial and error.
Bell, Karen, and their colleagues were trying to create a virus that can destroy the cell adenocarcinoma of the kidney. According to them, the main problem of such viruses is the variability of cancer cells - they are frequently mutated gene, resulting in a change in the structure of the shell, in which the virus outgrowths distinguishes its goal of healthy tissue.
The authors have solved this problem by developing a special mathematical model. To do this, scientists have compiled a list of genetic differences between healthy and cancerous cells of the kidneys, and identified the most "noticeable" for signs of viruses. Combining these data received biological model that can predict how mutations in the viral genome will influence cells which they infect.
As the researchers note, it has allowed them to identify the most promising "versions" of the virus and test them in mice, instead of looking for them through trial and error.
Scientists have found a way to prevent the harmful effects of alcohol
When injected into the blood alcohol produces active oxygen, which damages the liver, causing hepatitis and even cirrhosis of the liver. However, until now there was little information on how active oxygen is generated.
South Korean scientists have proven that alcohol causes the production of nuclear hormone receptors ERRy, they have harmful effects on the liver. Thus, the scientists say, if suppress the production of these hormones can prevent liver damage alcohol, allowing you to drink and not worry about the physical effects of alcohol.
The group of scientists including experts from the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology at Chonnam National University.
South Korea is a country with one of the highest rates of alcoholism in the world. According to various reports, the country is between 7 and 13 places on the use of alcohol
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South Korean scientists have proven that alcohol causes the production of nuclear hormone receptors ERRy, they have harmful effects on the liver. Thus, the scientists say, if suppress the production of these hormones can prevent liver damage alcohol, allowing you to drink and not worry about the physical effects of alcohol.
The group of scientists including experts from the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology at Chonnam National University.
South Korea is a country with one of the highest rates of alcoholism in the world. According to various reports, the country is between 7 and 13 places on the use of alcohol
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medicine news blogspot
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